Cost and Environmental Impacts of a Mixed Fleet of Vehicles

Urban parcel delivery is increasingly restricted by regulations limiting access to certain heavy or high emitting vehicles reduce emissions and noise pollution in cities. Cargo bikes represent an alternative solution that enables deliveries with low environmental impact, but they may a higher economic cost come constraints like battery autonomy small loading capacity. As transport scheme relying on for the last miles fewer externalities, it regarded as environmentally friendly choice, sustainability assessed. This paper aims present aspects of different means European urban areas. Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology selected analyse impact several vehicles, allowing us quantify according factor. The electricity mix important parameter makes results vary country studied. For aspect, price allows operational each transport. A trade-off can thus be made between two.